Biology

Promos Notes



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 * **Point of Comparison** || **Transcription** || **Translation** || **Replication** ||
 * Product || synthesises **__RNA__;** || synthesises **__polypeptide__****;** || synthesises **__complementary daughter DNA strands__;** ||
 * Template || **__DNA__** is the **template;** || **__mRNA__** is the **template;** || **__Parental DNA strands__** is the template; ||
 * Direction in which template is read || **DNA template** is **read in __3’__** **__ à __** **__5’ direction__****;** || **mRNA template** is **read in __5’__** **__ à __** **__3’ direction__****;** || **DNA template is read __3’__** **__ à __** **__5’ direction__****. Leading strand is synthesized continuously while lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously.** ||
 * Beginning/end of template || **begins at __promoter__** & **stops at __termination sequence__;** || **begins at __start codon__** (AUG)& **stops at __stop codon__** (UAG, UAA or UGA)**;** || **Begins of __origins of replication (ORI)__** ||
 * Choice of monomers || There are **__4__** **different types** of **__ribonucleotide__** monomers**;** || There are **__20__ different types** of **__amino acid__** monomers**;** || There are **__4__** **different types** of **__deoxyribonucleotide__** monomers**;** ||
 * Bonds formed between monomers || **__Phosphodiester bonds__** are formed between ribonucleotides**;** || **__Peptide bonds__** are formed between amino acids**;** || **__Phosphodiester bonds__** are formed between the deoxyribonucleotides; ||
 * Catalyst || catalysed by **RNA polymerase;** || catalysed by **peptidyl transferase;** || Catalyzed by **DNA polymerase** ||
 * Ratio of bases || Purine:Pyrimidines may not equal 1:1 ||  || Purine:Pyrimidine = 1:1 ||
 * Location || Nucleus || Ribosomes in cytoplasm or rER || Nucleus ||
 * Unwinding || By RNA polymerase ||  || By Helicase ||